The theoretical foundations of TCM are based on principles of the systematic view, the view of movement, pathogenic factors, harmonious balance and holism
In Yin-Yang theory, the universe is perceived as an interconnected system of complementary opposites, where Yin represents qualities such as darkness, coldness, and stillness. In contrast, Yang represents light, warmth, and activity.
The Five Elements—Wood, Fire, Earth, Metal, and Water—are five dynamic phases that represent natural processes and relationships in the body and the universe, used to explain physiology, pathology, and treatment.
The Three Treasures in TCM—Jing (Essence), Qi (Vital Energy), and Shen (Mind/Spirit)—are the fundamental substances that sustain life, representing the body’s material basis, functional activity, and spiritual vitality.
The vital substances in TCM—Qi, Blood (Xue), Body Fluids (Jin-Ye), Essence (Jing), and Shen (Mind/Spirit)—are the essential components that maintain life, each with distinct functions in nourishing, protecting, and regulating the body and mind.
